摘要肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)是一种磷脂-蛋白复合物,主要作用是降低肺泡表面张力。外源性PS替代疗法已广泛应用于呼吸窘迫综合征等疾病的临床治疗中,临床应用方法包括预防性或抢救性治疗、有创性或微创性治疗、气管插管-PS-拔管(intubation-surfactant-extubation,INSURE)技术和雾化治疗等。现在INSURE技术已广泛应用于临床,而使用细导管、喉罩导气管、雾化等新的非侵入性给药方法也正在被研究或采用。该文就近年来PS在新生儿临床应用的方法学研究进展作一综述。 Progress on methodology of pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy in neonates Pulmonary surfactant(PS)is a kind of phospholipid-protein complex, whose main function is to reduce the surface tension of alveoli.Exogenous PS replacement therapy has been widely used in the clinical treatment of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS)and other diseases.The clinical application methods include preventive or rescue treatment, invasive or minimally invasive treatment, intubation-surfactant-extubation(INSURE)technology and atomization treatment, etc.Nowadays, INSURE technology has been widely accepted in clinical application, and new non-invasive drug administration methods such as thin catheter, laryngeal mask airway and atomization are being studied or adopted.In this article, the progress of methodological research on clinical application of PS in newborns in recent years is reviewed 肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)由Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞合成和分泌,在肺泡气液界面起生理性减张的作用,早产儿肺发育不成熟引起的PS缺乏可导致呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)的发生。近年来关于PS的适应证、给药方法、治疗效果等方面的研究在不断地改进和发展,PS替代疗法已成为针对RDS早产儿PS缺乏的特异性常规治疗方案。1 PS替代治疗